There are some profoundly interesting resonances between the world view of the people who lived in Renaissance times and the contemporary era. The thinkers of the time conceived of all life as being part of a great chain of being , that began with the smallest form and moved upwards in a kind of evolutionary progression toward the divine. As such, there’s a deep connection between all living things, and underneath the surface world there was always a series of mysteries.
One way to enter into the spirit of these mysteries was by consciously observing correspondences between things. In paintings, images of dogs were always metaphors for faith. Fido is Latin for faith, and dogs have a tendency toward faithfulness. This correspondence also speaks of one of the more complex ideas, the microcosm and macrocosm .
The macrocosm refers to the universe in all of its entirety. A microcosm, then, would be a miniature version of it, something that flatters the bigger whole by representing it. The dog then is a microcosm of faith. Garden fountains are beautiful unto themselves, but in this view, the fountain as a container of water can be many things. It can be a microcosm of a pond, or a lake, or taken to the next level, a fountain can also serve as a microcosm of the oceans of the world.